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stochastic value

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  • Stochastic dominance — is a form of stochastic ordering. The term is used in decision theory to refer to situations where one lottery (a probability distribution over outcomes) can be ranked as superior to another. It is based on preferences regarding outcomes (e.g.,… …   Wikipedia

  • Stochastic volatility — models are used in the field of quantitative finance to evaluate derivative securities, such as options. The name derives from the models treatment of the underlying security s volatility as a random process, governed by state variables such as… …   Wikipedia

  • Stochastic — (from the Greek Στόχος for aim or guess ) means random.A stochastic process is one whose behavior is non deterministic in that a state s next state is determined both by the process s predictable actions and by a random element. Stochastic crafts …   Wikipedia

  • Stochastic resonance — (also known as SR) is observed when noise added to a system improves the systems performance in some fashion. More technically, SR occurs if the signal to noise ratio of a nonlinear system or device increases for moderate values of noise… …   Wikipedia

  • Stochastic tunneling — (STUN) is an approach to global optimization based on the Monte Carlo method sampling of the function to be minimized. Idea Monte Carlo method based optimization techniques sample the objective function by randomly hopping from the current… …   Wikipedia

  • Stochastic approximation — methods are a family of iterative stochastic optimization algorithms that attempt to find zeroes or extrema of functions which cannot be computed directly, but only estimated via noisy observations. The first, and prototypical, algorithms of this …   Wikipedia

  • Stochastic programming — is a framework for modeling optimization problems that involve uncertainty. Whereas deterministic optimization problems are formulated with known parameters, real world problems almost invariably include some unknown parameters. When the… …   Wikipedia

  • Stochastic control — is a subfield of control theory which deals with the existence of uncertainty in the data. The designer assumes, in a Bayesian probability driven fashion, that a random noise with known probability distribution affects the state evolution and the …   Wikipedia

  • Stochastic universal sampling — (SUS) is a genetic operator used in genetic algorithms for selecting potentially useful solutions for recombination.First introduced into the literature by Baker [1] , SUS is a development of Fitness proportionate selection which exhibits no bias …   Wikipedia

  • Stochastic differential equation — A stochastic differential equation (SDE) is a differential equation in which one or more of the terms is a stochastic process, thus resulting in a solution which is itself a stochastic process. SDE are used to model diverse phenomena such as… …   Wikipedia

  • Stochastic drift — In probability theory, stochastic drift is the change of the average value of a stochastic (random) process. A related term is the drift rate which is the rate at which the average changes. This is in contrast to the random fluctuations about… …   Wikipedia

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